The Saudi Arabia discount rate for December 2025 ranges from 4.04% (6 months) to 6.21% (30 years), with a 217 bps term premium. Strong trading volume of SAR 36.8 million and 78.5% smoothing alpha indicate high curve reliability. Applicable to IAS 19 employee benefits, IFRS 17 insurance contracts, and IFRS 9 ECL calculations.
With the rise in start-ups in India, we are observing an increasing trend in share-based remuneration schemes to the employees, the most popular ones being ESOP and SAR. However, we have observed a gap amongst professionals and company personnel, in the knowledge of the different types of schemes and their accounting treatment. As such, in this […]
Ind AS 102 will bring much needed uniformity in valuation and accounting of share-based benefits. However, the cost for the affected companies is likely to increase significantly. What Ind AS 102 is all about? Ind AS 102 prescribes financial reporting in respect of share-based benefits and is relevant for companies which remunerate their employees by share-based (or stock option) […]
Indian Accounting Standard Ind AS 102 requires fair value methodology for ESOP valuation. This guide compares three methods – Black-Scholes, Binomial, and Monte Carlo – explaining when to use each approach and their key limitations for finance teams in India.